Klin Onkol 2018; 31(6): 414-420. DOI: 10.14735/amko2018414.
Background: The close anatomical relationship of the urogenital system is a significant, and sometimes limiting, factor in oncogynecology. Reducing adverse effects (treatment-associated toxicity) is an integral part of cancer treatment. Radical surgery, as well as oncological therapy, which represent milestones in the treatment of such malignancies, may require tailoring the extension of the intervention in order to preserve other non-gynecological structures. Despite the progress in minimally invasive surgery, and evolution of radiotherapy and systemic therapy, treatment-related complications remain; indeed, their increasing prevalence in women raises questions about quality of life. Aim: Here, we highlight the modalities used to treat gynecological cancer and discuss the most common urological adverse effects related to these interventions. Knowledge of side effects, as well as methods of prevention, is fundamental if we are to preserve quality of life. Conclusion: Treatment of gynecological cancer is based on cooperation between members of the multidisciplinary team. From this point-of-view, combination of two radical modalities (mainly surgery and radiotherapy) remains problematic. However, the patient’s prognosis, and plans for other possible oncological therapies, play an essential role in management of urological adverse effects related to cancer treatment.
