Klin Onkol 2016; 29(1): 20-28. DOI: 10.14735/amko201620.
Long non-coding RNA molecules (lncRNA) are defi ned as molecules over 200 nucleotides long
that are localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Although function of most lnRNA is not known, it is obvious that they are involved in various bio logical processes. LncRNA play a key role in transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional regulatory pathways and are involved in important cell processes, such as proliferation, diff erentiation, apoptosis but also pathogenesis of various diseases. Their dysregulation is important in steps of tumor transformation. In this review, we will describe the nature, function and molecular basis of these molecules as well as their dia gnostic potential. The main focus of this review is the usage of these molecules in the most often dia gnosed tumors in the Czech population – colorectal carcinoma, breast and prostate carcinomas.
