Klin Onkol 2002; 15(3): 107-110.
Summary: Background: Prostate cancer is a serious health care problem throughout the world. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer is still increasing in most western countries. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer has tendency to increase also in Slovak Republic. This observation, coupled with the increasing awareness of the importance of prostate cancer among clinicians, has resulted in increased interest in early detection and screening programs for this disease. A number of modalities are currently available for prostate cancer early detection and screening. The combination of digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination is the basic diagnostic procedure. If suspicion arises from DRE, increased levels of PSA over 4,0 ng/ml, prostate cancer diagnosis has to be proved histologically. Using the biopsy gun is considered to be the most appropriate method. Methods and results: The technique of case finding was used in 865 males aged 50-76 years between March 1997 and February 2000. None of them suffered from lower urinary tract symptoms. PSA and DRE was determined in everyone. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and biopsy using biosty gun were performed in case of positivity of one or both these procedures. Positive DRE had 25 (2.9 %) patients, 103 (11.9 %) had elevated serum PSA level. 103 (11,9%) patients were biopted. Histologically the prostate cancer was detected in 28 (3,2 %) patients. Organ confined (localised) prostate cancer was detected in 15 (53.6 %) patients, 5 (17.8 %) patients had locally advanced cancer and 8 (28.6 %) patients had metastatic disease. Conclusion: Using PSA and DRE in asymptomatic men, which came for any reason to the physician_s office or are hospitalised could be useful for early detection more organ confined prostatic carcinomas suitable for curative treatment of the disease
